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- BUSINESS, Page 44ENTERTAINMENTIf You Can't Beat 'Em . . .
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- Music rip-off artists go upscale with CDs, but the stars fight
- back with bootleg albums of their own
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- Frank Zappa knew something was seriously amiss when he came
- across a booklet called A Guide to the Alternative Recordings of
- Frank Zappa. The pamphlet listed 400 titles -- or about 350 more
- than the veteran rocker has ever released. "In 25 years I have
- made about 50 real albums, and somehow guys with little cassette
- machines have managed to produce eight times as many albums and
- offer them for sale," laments Zappa.
-
- Until not long ago, the production of unauthorized records
- was a marginal activity that musicians tolerated and even
- encouraged as a form of tribute by their fans. But the
- bootlegging of albums has now become a full-blown, underground
- industry with millions of dollars in profits and royalties at
- stake. Tape cassettes remain the bootleggers' format of choice,
- since the duplicating equipment is relatively cheap, but digital
- compact discs are gaining ground. "CD is the pirate medium of
- the future," says Mark Kingston, spokesman for the International
- Federation of the Phonographic Industry.
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- The bootleg CD boom began in 1988 with the appearance of
- the Ultra Rare Trax series, a high-fidelity compendium of
- alternate versions and outtakes of songs by the Beatles. Since
- then, the market has been flooded with CDs featuring live
- concerts and unreleased tracks by such performers as Bob Dylan,
- the Rolling Stones, Pink Floyd, R.E.M. and Bruce Springsteen.
- One of the most sought-after bootlegs is Prince's so-called
- Black Album, which his label, Warner Bros., has never released
- at the singer's request. Since May, bootleg copies of outtakes
- from U2's unfinished new album have been circulating in Europe.
-
- Bootleggers steal music by taping radio and TV broadcasts,
- sneaking portable recorders into live concerts, surreptitiously
- tapping into studio mixing boards or even bribing studio
- executives. Once the pirates have their booty, they pay
- legitimate CD manufacturers to produce discs from the master
- tapes, which are often labeled with a bogus name to escape
- detection. Most bootleg CDs are made in Germany, Italy and
- Eastern Europe, where lax regulation and sketchy copyright laws
- make enforcement difficult. The illicit CDs are then smuggled
- into the U.S., where they are sold for prices ranging from $25
- to $100.
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- Fed up with having their profits pilfered, musicians are
- striking back with the weapon they know best -- their own music.
- Next week Zappa will kick off his "Beat the Boots!" campaign
- with the release of a 10-album Bootleg Box of his own music
- that had been bootlegged. Says Zappa: "I think it's up to
- artists to do whatever they can to stand up for their rights."
-
- Earlier this year, Dylan fans were treated to The Bootleg
- Series, Vols. 1-3, a collection of rare and unreleased tracks;
- the package climbed to No. 49 on the Billboard pop chart. Last
- month, Paul McCartney authorized a limited 500,000-copy release
- of Paul McCartney Unplugged, the Bootleg, which documents an
- all-acoustic concert.
-
- The record industry hopes that it will be able to control
- the production of bootleg CDs because of the relatively small
- number (about 115) of disc-manufacturing plants around the
- world, vs. millions of cassette-dubbing machines. But that
- advantage may prove fleeting because an array of new formats is
- poised to enter the market: digital audiotapes, digital compact
- cassettes and even recordable mini discs. While those formats
- are likely to contain devices to thwart mass copying, musicians
- may find that the only way to beat the bootleggers is to drown
- them out with legitimate material.
-
- By Guy Garcia. With reporting by Anne Constable/London
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